The Manesse Codex (or Große Heidelberger Liederhandschrift in German, Great Songbook of Heidelberg [1]) (Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek, Codex Palatinus Germanicus 848) is the songbook that constitutes the most important source for the loving lyric in High Average German, . The songbook was made in Zurich for the Manesse family, probably commissioned by Rüdiger II of Manesse and his son Johann, in the early fourteenth century, although it was not completed until about 1340; several copyists and miniaturists took part. He is known for the 137 miniatures depicting each of the poets (Minnesänger); the portraits are obviously not realistic but can be based on aspects of the author’s poetic work or other things.
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